What are the Important characteristic of Artificial Intelligence(AI)?

   

         
      AI is the development of methods and algorithms that allow computers to behave in an intelligent way. AI was introduced to the scientific community in 1950 by ALAN TURING in computational machinery and intelligence. Turing explained in his article that the machines can think and argued in favor of intelligence in machines that marked the interaction between AI and psychology. He focused on analysis, problems and mentalistic terms. This intention is to eliminate the distinction between natural intelligence and artificial intelligence. He has contributed the design of the first computer capable of playing chess and the establishment of the symbolic nature of computing. In 1962, McCarthy and Raphael designed and constructed the mobile robot called "Shakey" that has to challenge the real world in terms of space, movement, time, etc., It initiated the study of cognitive process discussion centered around the problems of mental and internal representation of knowledge, perception, and meaning of the problems. Raphael's basic ideas were to gather in a machine with a capacity to learn from the experience, to model, recognize the visual patterns and manipulate the symbols etc., There are some questions about the performance of intellectual work by some machines to be a truly intelligent function? Maurice Wilkes proposes an argument the need to develop a generalized learning program that enables a computer to learn in any field.
          AI can automate any mechanical processes like calculation, data storage, and processing. There are 3 basic steps in the fundamental process behind making decisions in problem-solving are,
     1. Analysis of the Situation
     2. Logical Reasoning and
     3. Decision
The application has been developed to simulate human behavior through computer systems. Human senses are interrelated with computer systems to build the applications that humans are solving every day. AI program will help the following goals like learning, perception, and problem-solving. Also, it is used in specific areas like diagnosing diseases and driving cars etc., There are 4 types of AI. Those are
    * Systems that act as Humans - For ex., Simulating the human behavior in a given environment
    * Systems that think like Humans - For ex., Machine makes think like humans
    * Systems that act Rationally - For ex., Intelligent behavior that can be created with a computational process
    * Systems that think Rationally - For ex., Focusing on mental faculties that can be emulated in computer models
Basically, we are separating the logical or human and action-oriented or cognitive oriented. And, there are 3 basic domains in AI. Those are,
    * Formal  Domains - It is intended to solve problems using different models like search models, algorithms etc.,
    * Technical Domains - This will be used in scientific-technical knowledge like medical diagnosis, robotics, expert systems etc.,
    * Cognitive Domains - Here, we try to understand the functioning of the human mind and its cognitive functions like reasoning, hearing, talking etc.,

Characteristics of AI: The behavior of the program is not explicitly described by the algorithm. The sequence of steps is influenced by that particular problem present and the program specifies the sequence of steps necessary to solve a given problem. It finds the own way to the solution to the problem. This is called a declarative program.  On the other hand, the program that is not AI follows a algorithm that explicitly defines the rules for a given input variable in any given program. This is called a procedural program. The programs incorporate the factors of relationships of the real world and the domain of the knowledge in which they operate is called knowledge-based reasoning. In accounting, the AI collects the knowledge and more adaptive towards solving new types of problems. AI's will not work poorly structured problems and data.
     Scope:  The machines solve the problem that was not defined before. It does not solve the specific problems of the second-degree equation. It's a method that creates a system capable of finding methods to solve the problem. It goes a higher level of understanding and solves a broader variety of problems.
    Perception: The machines able to react to the environment and influence through sensors and interaction devices with outside. The perception of image synthesizers that a lot of computer communicate through spoken language on the walls and not recently has done before.
  Communication: It communicates with the computers through an assembly language or high-level specific language. AI by means of understanding the nature of language that we humans can speak particular problems. Traditional languages have not been well adapted to AI applications. AI applications are using the Java, Python etc.,
  Expert Systems: It consists of large knowledge bases created to store the information available to human experts in various fields and a series of rules manipulation expressed in the specific language. For ex, computer design, medical diagnosis, chemical engineering provides the material of highly successful expert systems.
   AI Hardware: AI technique came fast access to memory banks and they are huge compared to other types of programs. Also, they are fast manipulation of data. The more advanced the hardware, it is easier to work on AI program.
   Robotics: The science of robotics involves different AI techniques. The idea of a ready robots with the ability to learn from experience is the central theme of AI and research. The robot communicates with the natural language and must perform the task equivalent of machine and origin.

Applications of AI: AI is a combination of technique and algorithms that have the purpose of creating machines with the same capabilities that human being has. We have logical reasoning, presentation of knowledge, planning, general intelligence, natural language processing, perception, and many others. For ex, Siri from Apple social network, Pinterest and google photos are an example of AI. Everything is possible with AI. Here are the practical examples of AI,
   * In agriculture, it simplifies and accelerates decision making. Also, the best time to plant and harvest. There are thousands of platforms using market analysis on the information such as information about soil seeds, climate changes and analyzing all the information, we can predict what will happen and the best results.
   * In logistics and transportation, there are self-driving cars that can be driven by robots in the modern world.
   * In health and biotechnology, there is a faster and accurate diagnosis of health. AI helps physicians and patients have a faster and more accurate diagnosis. One of the most important aspects of decision making is the detection of different diseases or taking information from blood samples and other types of material to be analysed. AI provides key insights into the data provided by patients. By analyzing the data, we can make better and faster solutions to the existing problems.
   * In Marketing, AI makes the sales forecast and choosing the right product to recommend the particular cost into a particular customer etc., There is an excellent application in the retail sector is inventory optimization where AI forecasts incomes and determines how much input should be purchased.
  * In education, AI suggests a new course, personalize the course for optimized learning and promote education. Also, it allows us to help and build an online education system.
  * In financial services, the financial institutions recognize the risk of a customer and predict the market patterns, consequences and recommend the operations.
  * In manufacturing and supply chain, AI conducting the study of the product and parts that require maintenance. It helps the manufacturing companies about when to buy or produce as well as predicts the impacts and risks for the supplier.
  * In Banks, the personal assistance helps to perform some digital operations and answer to the questions which streamline the attention to the public.
        There are some great websites provides AI services that automate the workforce using AI tools. The AI software solves the hassle of scheduling meetings and appointments. It solves all the problems you face when you schedule the meetings and appointments to work. It uses Amy and Andrew that understand the natural language and help you to schedule, negotiate the meeting with your clients. The Octaneai makes the sales through Facebook messenger and increases your revenue that your customer will love. This chatbot kind of thing works on the abandoned messages like people purchasing the product and pitches the product. It can turn out automatically as a question that will help to turn a revenue and customer behavior for the results. The Datarobot provides complete automation for machine learning. It automatically builds and evaluate thousands of models and manage all the deployed models and data sets. The Presenceai helps B2B customers and replace the calls to text. It automates the recurring tasks like sending and booking the reminders confirmation etc., The smith is a receptionist service that automatically captures the website tag and books the leads or clients and builds the relationship with existing clients. The Codota is the ultimate java developer that completes millions of code. You will be able to code examples by click, follow standards, reduce errors in java. The Zenbo is a small robot that can speak, connect, learn, express. The vspatial is the workplace of the future for remote access of your PC and collaborate with the participants.